What is arc voltage?

Arc voltage is defined as the electrical potential difference between the electrode and the workpiece in a welding operation. This voltage is critical as it influences the arc characteristics, including the arc length and the heat input to the workpiece. A proper understanding of arc voltage helps a welder maintain control over the welding process, as it directly affects the stability and quality of the weld.

The relationship between the electrode and workpiece is paramount in all welding processes, especially arc welding. The arc voltage determines the temperature of the arc and influences the melting rates of both the electrode and the base material. A stable arc voltage allows for consistent and high-quality welds, as fluctuations can lead to defects such as porosity or incomplete fusion.

Other options describe different aspects of welding power supplies and processes, but none accurately capture the specific definition of arc voltage as it pertains to the voltage maintained during the welding operation between these two critical components.