What impact does improper arc length have on welding?

Improper arc length can significantly affect the quality of the weld by leading to defects and poor penetration. When the arc length is too short, it can result in excessive heat input, which can cause the formation of an overly convex bead, leading to a lack of fusion or burn-through. Conversely, if the arc is too long, the heat may not be concentrated enough on the workpieces, resulting in insufficient penetration and creating a weak joint. Proper arc length is crucial for achieving the right amount of heat and ensuring that the weld metal properly fuses with the base material, promoting consistent penetration and overall weld integrity. Therefore, maintaining the correct arc length is essential for producing high-quality welds free from defects.